UPDATED FOR 2026

Estate Tax Liability Calculator

Federal estate tax (40% above the TCJA exemption) plus 12 state-level estate tax brackets. Returns total tax due plus life insurance face amount needed (typically held in an ILIT) to cover it without forcing illiquid asset sales.

Your Estate

Real estate + investments + business + insurance owned by you (excludes life insurance owned by an ILIT).

Life insurance owned in an Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust passes tax-free to your heirs and is NOT in your estate.

YOUR ESTATE TAX LIABILITY

Enter your estate to see your tax liability →

📋 How this calculator works

Federal exemption: Calculator uses the 2026 TCJA-extended federal estate tax exemption ($13.99M per individual / $27.98M MFJ with portability). If Congress allowed TCJA to sunset, the exemption drops to roughly $7M individual / $14M MFJ. Top federal rate: 40% on amounts above the exemption.

State estate tax data (2024-2025 confirmed thresholds): WA ($2.193M, 10-20%), OR ($1M, 10-16%), MA ($2M, 0.8-16%), MN ($3M, 13-16%), NY ($7.16M, 3.06-16% with cliff), CT ($13.61M matches federal, 11.6-12%), HI ($5.49M, 10-20%), IL ($4M, 0.8-16%), ME ($7M, 8-12%), MD ($5M, up to 16%), RI ($1.78M, 0.8-16%), VT ($5M, 16%), DC ($4.7M, 11.2-16%). State thresholds adjust annually for inflation; refresh each January.

Inheritance tax states (IA, KY, NE, NJ, PA, MD) are calculated on a per-beneficiary basis depending on relationship; the calculator estimates a 4-12% effective rate on the taxable portion. Spouses are exempt in all 6 states; children/grandchildren typically exempt or low-rate. Verify with state Department of Revenue for actual liability.

What this calculator can't do: generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax, qualified domestic trust (QDOT) for non-citizen spouses, special-use valuation for farms/closely-held businesses, charitable deduction modeling, gift tax history (lifetime taxable gifts reduce the exemption). Estate planning at this level requires a qualified estate attorney.

Why life insurance for estate tax?

Estate tax is due 9 months after death — in cash. Life insurance solves the liquidity problem cleanly.

Pennies on the dollar

A 60-year-old in good health can fund $5M of permanent life insurance with annual premiums of roughly $100K-$150K. If they live 20+ years, the family pays $2M-$3M for $5M of tax-free liquidity at death. ROI on the life insurance is dramatic.

ILIT keeps it out of estate

Without an ILIT, the death benefit ADDS to your taxable estate (taxed at 40% federal plus state) — a $5M policy creates $2M+ of extra tax. ILIT-owned policies pass to heirs OUTSIDE the estate, untaxed. Setup: $2K-$5K in legal fees.

Avoid forced sales

Without liquidity, heirs must sell illiquid assets fast — family business at distressed valuation, real estate at fire-sale prices, or concentrated stock under SEC blackout rules. Insurance funds the tax so the family keeps the assets they value.

3-year lookback

If you transfer an existing policy into an ILIT, it must be in the ILIT for 3 years before death to escape estate inclusion (§2035). Strategy: ILIT buys a NEW policy from inception — no 3-year clock. Don't try to retrofit existing policies without legal counsel.

Estate Tax FAQ

What is the federal estate tax exemption in 2026?+
~$13.99M per individual / $27.98M MFJ under TCJA (extended). Top federal rate: 40%. If TCJA sunset (not extended), exemption drops to ~$7M individual.
Which states have estate or inheritance taxes?+
12 states + DC have ESTATE tax: CT, HI, IL, ME, MD, MA, MN, NY, OR, RI, VT, WA, DC. 6 states have INHERITANCE tax: IA, KY, MD, NE, NJ, PA. Maryland has both. State exemptions range $1M to $13.61M; top rates 10-20%.
How does an ILIT avoid estate tax?+
Irrevocable Life Insurance Trust owns the policy. You fund it with annual gifts (using $19K/recipient/year exclusion). Death benefit pays to trust, OUTSIDE your taxable estate. Heirs receive full tax-free proceeds. Use those to pay estate tax on the rest. Setup: $2K-$5K legal fees. 3-year lookback applies to transferred policies.
Why use life insurance vs selling assets?+
Estate tax is due in cash 9 months after death. Illiquid estates (real estate, family business, concentrated stock) face: fire-sale forced liquidation, IRS payment plan with interest, or borrowing against the estate. Life insurance in an ILIT provides instant tax-free liquidity exactly when needed.
What is portability between spouses?+
Portability lets a surviving spouse use the deceased spouse's unused federal exemption. Combined exemption can reach ~$27.98M. Requires Form 706 filing within 9 months of first spouse's death. Many families miss this and lose millions of exemption. Most states do NOT recognize portability.

Talk to an Estate Planning Specialist

Permanent life insurance funded inside an ILIT is the standard tool for estate-tax liquidity. We work with attorneys to coordinate the structure.

Tell us your situation